Aminoacil-tRNK sintetaze kataliziraju aminoacilacijutRNK pomoću njihove srodne aminokiseline. Zbog njihove središnje uloge u povezivanju aminokiselina s nukleotidnim tripletima sadržanim u tRNK, smatra se da su aminoacil-tRNK sintetaza među prvim proteinima, koje su se pojavile u evoluciji. Postoje dva oblika triptofanil-tRNA sintetaze, citoplazmatski oblik, zvani WARS i mitohondrijski oblik, zvani WARS2. Triptofanil-tRNA sintetaza (WARS) katalizira aminoacilaciju tRNK (trp) sa triptofanom i indukuje je interferon. Triptofanil-tRNA sintetaza pripada porodici tRNK-sintetaza klase I. Za ovaj gen pronađene su četiri varijante transkripta koje kodiraju dvije različite izoforme.[3]
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