NRGN

Pretraga za
Strukture	Swiss-model
Domene	InterPro

Neurogranin (C-supstrat protein-kinaze, RC3)
Neurogranin (C-supstrat protein-kinaze, RC3)
Identifikatori
Simbol	NRGN
NCBI gen	4900
HGNC	8000
OMIM	602350
RefSeq	NM_006176
UniProt	Q92686
Ostali podaci
Lokus	Hrom. 11 q24
Strukture
Pretraga za
Strukture	Swiss-model
Domene	InterPro

NRGN
Identifikatori
Aliasi	NRGN
Vanjski ID-jevi	OMIM: 602350 MGI: 1927184 HomoloGene: 136802 GeneCards: NRGN
Lokacija gena (čovjek)
Hrom.	Hromosom 11 (čovjek)
Kraj	124,747,210 bp
Lokacija gena (miš)
Hrom.	Hromosom 9 (miš)
Kraj	37,464,200 bp
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• phosphatidic acid binding; • phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding; • calmodulin binding;
Ćelijska komponenta	• citoplazma; • Akson; • trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane; • soma; • dendrit; • sinapsa; • dendritic spine head; • mitochondrial membranes; • jedro; • GO:0097483, GO:0097481 postsynaptic density; • postsynaptic membrane; • postsynapse; • glutamatergic synapse; • citosol;
Biološki proces	• telencephalon development; • associative learning; • positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation; • GO:0072468 Transdukcija signala; • nervous system development; • postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission;
	Izvori:Amigo / QuickGO
Ortolozi
	4900
	64011
	ENSG00000154146
	ENSMUSG00000053310
	Q92686
	P60761
	NM_006176; NM_001126181
	NM_022029
	NP_001119653; NP_006167
	NP_071312
	Wikipodaci
Pogledaj/uredi – čovjek	Pogledaj/uredi – miš

Neurogranin je protein koji se veže za kalmodulin, eksprimirani prvenstveno u mozgu, posebno u dendritskoj kičmi, i učestvujući u signalnom putu protein kinaza C. Neurogranin je glavni postsinapsni protein koji regulira dostupnost kalmodulina i veže se za njega u nedostatku kalcija. Fosforilacija protein-kinazom C smanjuje njegovu sposobnost vezivanja. Ekspresiju gena NRGN kontroliraju hormoni štitnjače.^[5]

Aminokiselinska sekvenca

Dužina polipeptidnog lanca je 78 aminokiselina.

C: Cistein

D: Asparaginska kiselina

E: Glutaminska kiselina

F: Fenilalanin

G: Glicin

H: Histidin

I: Izoleucin

K: Lizin

L: Leucin

M: Metionin

N: Asparagin

P: Prolin

Q: Glutamin

R: Arginin

S: Serin

T: Treonin

V: Valin

W: Triptofan

Y: Tirozin

10		20		30		40		50
MDCCTENACS		KPDDDILDIP		LDDPGANAAA		AKIQASFRGH		MARKKIKSGE
RGRKGPGPGG		PGGAGVARGG		AGGGPSGD

Jedno istraživanje govori o potencijalnoj vezi gena za neurogranin s povećanim rizikom od shizofrenije kod muškaraca,^[6] drugo istraživanje daje dokaze o sniženom neurograninu imunoreaktivnost u mozgu ljudi koji boluju od shizofrenije.^[7]

Koncentracija neurogranina u cerebrospinalnoj tekućini (CSF) dalje se raspravlja kao marker za sinapsnu disfunkciju u starosnoj neurodegeneraciji.^[8] Također se pokazalo da se posebno povećava u pacijenata s Alzheimerovom bolešću.^[9]^[10] Posebno omjer neurograninskog trupa cerebrospinalne tečnosti P75 i beta-sekretaze BACE1 se predlaže kao potencijalni marker za kognitivno pogoršanje u napretku Alzheimerove bolesti.^[11]

Prije identifikacije u goveđem i pacovskom mozgu 1991,^[12] neurogranin je bio poznat kao pretpostavljeni protein kinaza C-fosforilirani protein zvani p17. Ljudski neurogranin kloniran je 1997. godine i pokazalo se da je 96% identičan proteinu pacova.^[13]

Reference

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000154146 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053310 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Martínez de Arrieta C, Morte B, Coloma A, Bernal J (January 1999). "The human RC3 gene homolog, NRGN contains a thyroid hormone-responsive element located in the first intron". Endocrinology. 140 (1): 335–43. doi:10.1210/en.140.1.335. PMID 9886843.
^ Ruano D, Aulchenko YS, Macedo A, Soares MJ, Valente J, Azevedo MH, et al. (January 2008). "Association of the gene encoding neurogranin with schizophrenia in males". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 42 (2): 125–33. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.10.008. PMID 17140601.
^ Broadbelt K, Ramprasaud A, Jones LB (October 2006). "Evidence of altered neurogranin immunoreactivity in areas 9 and 32 of schizophrenic prefrontal cortex". Schizophrenia Research. 87 (1–3): 6–14. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.04.028. PMID 16797925. S2CID 38984915.
^ Casaletto KB, Elahi FM, Bettcher BM, Neuhaus J, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, et al. (October 2017). "Neurogranin, a synaptic protein, is associated with memory independent of Alzheimer biomarkers". Neurology. 89 (17): 1782–1788. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004569. PMC 5664306. PMID 28939668.
^ De Vos A, Jacobs D, Struyfs H, Fransen E, Andersson K, Portelius E, et al. (December 2015). "C-terminal neurogranin is increased in cerebrospinal fluid but unchanged in plasma in Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's & Dementia. 11 (12): 1461–1469. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.05.012. PMID 26092348.
^ Willemse EA, De Vos A, Herries EM, Andreasson U, Engelborghs S, van der Flier WM, et al. (June 2018). "Neurogranin as Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker for Alzheimer Disease: An Assay Comparison Study". Clinical Chemistry. 64 (6): 927–937. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.283028. PMID 29523639.
^ De Vos A, Struyfs H, Jacobs D, Fransen E, Klewansky T, De Roeck E, et al. (July 2016). "The Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurogranin/BACE1 Ratio is a Potential Correlate of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease". Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 53 (4): 1523–38. doi:10.3233/JAD-160227. PMC 4981899. PMID 27392859.
^ Baudier J, Deloulme JC, Van Dorsselaer A, Black D, Matthes HW (January 1991). "Purification and characterization of a brain-specific protein kinase C substrate, neurogranin (p17). Identification of a consensus amino acid sequence between neurogranin and neuromodulin (GAP43) that corresponds to the protein kinase C phosphorylation site and the calmodulin-binding domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (1): 229–37. PMID 1824695.
^ Martínez de Arrieta C, Pérez Jurado L, Bernal J, Coloma A (April 1997). "Structure, organization, and chromosomal mapping of the human neurogranin gene (NRGN)". Genomics. 41 (2): 243–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4622. PMID 9143500.

Vanjski linkovi

Neurogranin na US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000154146 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053310 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Arrieta_1999_thyroid-5] Martínez de Arrieta C, Morte B, Coloma A, Bernal J (January 1999). "The human RC3 gene homolog, NRGN contains a thyroid hormone-responsive element located in the first intron". Endocrinology. 140 (1): 335–43. doi:10.1210/en.140.1.335. PMID 9886843.

[Ruano_2006_schiz_males-6] Ruano D, Aulchenko YS, Macedo A, Soares MJ, Valente J, Azevedo MH, et al. (January 2008). "Association of the gene encoding neurogranin with schizophrenia in males". Journal of Psychiatric Research. 42 (2): 125–33. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.10.008. PMID 17140601.

[Broadbelt_2006_schiz_ir-7] Broadbelt K, Ramprasaud A, Jones LB (October 2006). "Evidence of altered neurogranin immunoreactivity in areas 9 and 32 of schizophrenic prefrontal cortex". Schizophrenia Research. 87 (1–3): 6–14. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.04.028. PMID 16797925. S2CID 38984915.

[8] Casaletto KB, Elahi FM, Bettcher BM, Neuhaus J, Bendlin BB, Asthana S, et al. (October 2017). "Neurogranin, a synaptic protein, is associated with memory independent of Alzheimer biomarkers". Neurology. 89 (17): 1782–1788. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004569. PMC 5664306. PMID 28939668.

[9] De Vos A, Jacobs D, Struyfs H, Fransen E, Andersson K, Portelius E, et al. (December 2015). "C-terminal neurogranin is increased in cerebrospinal fluid but unchanged in plasma in Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's & Dementia. 11 (12): 1461–1469. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.05.012. PMID 26092348.

[10] Willemse EA, De Vos A, Herries EM, Andreasson U, Engelborghs S, van der Flier WM, et al. (June 2018). "Neurogranin as Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker for Alzheimer Disease: An Assay Comparison Study". Clinical Chemistry. 64 (6): 927–937. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.283028. PMID 29523639.

[11] De Vos A, Struyfs H, Jacobs D, Fransen E, Klewansky T, De Roeck E, et al. (July 2016). "The Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurogranin/BACE1 Ratio is a Potential Correlate of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease". Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 53 (4): 1523–38. doi:10.3233/JAD-160227. PMC 4981899. PMID 27392859.

[Baudier_1991_bovine_neurogranin-12] Baudier J, Deloulme JC, Van Dorsselaer A, Black D, Matthes HW (January 1991). "Purification and characterization of a brain-specific protein kinase C substrate, neurogranin (p17). Identification of a consensus amino acid sequence between neurogranin and neuromodulin (GAP43) that corresponds to the protein kinase C phosphorylation site and the calmodulin-binding domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (1): 229–37. PMID 1824695.

[Arrieta_1997_Human-13] Martínez de Arrieta C, Pérez Jurado L, Bernal J, Coloma A (April 1997). "Structure, organization, and chromosomal mapping of the human neurogranin gene (NRGN)". Genomics. 41 (2): 243–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4622. PMID 9143500.

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