Korisnik:Palapa/Nancy Roman
Palapa/Nancy Roman | |
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Rođenje | 16. maj 1925. |
Akademski savjetnici | W.W. Morgan, Peter van de Kamp |
Istaknute nagrade | Federal Woman's Award Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, NASA NASA Outstanding Scientific Leadership Award |
Nancy Grace Roman (16. maja 1925. – 25. decembra 2018.) bila je istaknuta američka astronomičarka koja je dala važan doprinos klasifikaciji i kretanjima zvijezda, i postala prva žena izvršna direktorica u NASA-i, i služila je kao prvi NASA-in šef astronomije tokom 1960-ih i 1970-ih, čime je postala jedan od "vizionarskih osnivača američkog civilnog svemirskog programa"[1]. Ona je kreirala NASA-in svemirski astronomski program i mnogima je poznata kao "Hablova majka" zbog svoje temeljne uloge u planiranju svemirskog teleskopa Hubble.[2] Tokom svoje karijere, Roman je bila i aktivna govornica i edukatorka, te zagovornica žena u nauci.
Dana 20. maja 2020., NASA-in administrator Jim Bridenstine najavio je da će infracrveni teleskop širokog polja biti nazvan Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope u znak priznanja za njen trajni doprinos astronomiji.[3]
Nancy Grace Roman je rođena u Nashvilleu, Tennessee, od profesorice muzike Georgije Frances Smith Roman i fizičara/matematičara Irwina Romana.[4] Ubrzo nakon toga, njen otac je preuzeo posao geofizičara u naftnoj kompaniji i porodica se preselila u Oklahomu tri mjeseca nakon Romaninog rođenja. Roman i njeni roditelji preselili su se u Hjuston, Teksas ; New Jersey ; i kasnije, u Michigan, a zatim u Nevadu 1935. godine, kada se njen otac pridružio državnoj službi u geofizičkim istraživanjima. Kada je imala oko 12 godina, porodica se preselila u Baltimore, Maryland, kada je Irwin Roman bio angažovan kao viši geofizičar u kancelariji američkog Geološkog zavoda u Baltimoru. Roman je smatrala da njeni roditelji imaju veliki uticaj na njeno interesovanje za nauku.
Kada je Roman imao jedanaest godina, pokazala je interesovanje za astronomiju tako što je osnovala astronomski klub među svojim kolegama iz razreda u Nevadi. Ona i njeni drugovi iz razreda okupljali su se jednom sedmično i učili o sazvježđima iz knjiga. Iako obeshrabrena od strane onih oko nje, Roman je već u srednjoj školi znala da želi da traga za svojom strašću za astronomijom. Pohađala je Western High School u Baltimoru gdje je učestvovala u ubrzanom programu, koji je diplomirala za tri godine.
Nakon koledža, započela je postdiplomske studije na Univerzitetu u Čikagu u martu 1946. Nalazeći časove lakše nego u Swarthmoreu, obratila se trojici profesora, Ottu Struveu, Georgeu van Biesbroecku i Williamu Wilsonu Morganu, tražeći od svakoga za projekat opservacijske astronomije na kojem bi radio. Prvi joj je dao teorijski projekat, drugi projekat analize podataka, a Morgan je dao projekat opservacije koristeći 12-inčni teleskop, najvjerovatnije refraktor iz Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory . Iako je Morgan u početku odbacivao Romanu, u jednom trenutku nije razgovarao s njom šest mjeseci, ipak je nastavio podržavati njeno istraživanje. Nastavila je da doktorira. u astronomiji 1949. godine, pišući rad o Pokretnoj grupi Velikog medvjeda za svoju tezu.
Reference
uredi- ^ Roman, Nancy Grace (2019-08-18). "Nancy Grace Roman and the Dawn of Space Astronomy". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (jezik: engleski). 57 (1): 1–34. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-091918-104446. ISSN 0066-4146.
- ^ "Nancy Grace Roman, 'Mother Of Hubble' Space Telescope, Has Died, At Age 93". NPR.org (jezik: engleski). Pristupljeno 2022-10-16.
- ^ Potter, Sean (2020-05-20). "NASA Telescope Named For 'Mother of Hubble' Nancy Grace Roman". NASA. Pristupljeno 2022-10-16.
- ^ Physics, American Institute of (2021-09-24). "Nancy G. Roman". www.aip.org (jezik: engleski). Pristupljeno 2022-10-16.
Vanjski linkovi
uredi- Armstrong, Mabel (2006). Women Astronomers: Reaching for the Stars. Stone Pine Press.
- "Roman, Nancy Grace." in American Men & Women of Science: A Biographical Directory of Today's Leaders in Physical, Biological, and Related Sciences. Ed. Andrea Kovacs Henderson. 30th ed. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale, 2012. 339. Gale Virtual Reference Library.</ref>
- doi=10.1086/145717|title=The Spectrum of BD+67°922|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=117|pages=467|year=1953|last1=Roman|first1=Nancy G.}}
- doi=10.1126/science.354.6317.1346|pmid=27940878|title=Following my lucky star|journal=Science|volume=354|issue=6317|pages=1346|year=2016|last1=Roman|first1=N. G.|bibcode=2016Sci...354.1346R|doi-access=free
- A Catalogue of High Velocity Stars|journal= Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |volume=2|year= 1955|page=195|bibcode=1955ApJS....2..195R|doi=10.1086/190021
- Roman, Nancy|title=Identification of a Constellation from a Position|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |volume=99|pages=695–699|year=1987|bibcode=1987PASP...99..695R|doi=10.1086/132034|doi-access=free
- Roman, Nancy G. |year=1949|title=The Ursa Major Group|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume= 110|page=205|bibcode=1949ApJ...110..205R|doi=10.1086/145199
- https://web.archive.org/web/20200603221847/https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950ApJ...112..554R/abstract | url-status=live
- https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1960AJ.....65..240R/abstract | bibcode=1960AJ.....65..240R | last1=Roman | first1=Nancy G. | journal=Astrophysical Journal | volume=112 | page=554 | year=1960| doi=10.1086/145367
<ref name=nrl>{{cite web | url= https://www.nrl.navy.mil/accomplishments/astronomy/radio-astronomy | title= Naval Research Laboratory Radio Astronomy History | archive-date= June 4, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200604125201/https://www.nrl.navy.mil/accomplishments/astronomy/radio-astronomy | url-status= live
<ref name=moonradar>Weston, Madalyn (December 30, 2018). "Ellipsoid Parameters from Satellite Data". [https://web.archive.org/web/20200605012705/https://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-0-7503-1756-6
- https://web.archive.org/web/20141102100016/http://www.mc.cc.md.us/Departments/planet/Nancy/Nancy.htm Nancy Grace Roman résumé at Montgomery College * https://web.archive.org/web/20181112101248/https://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/hubblecast113a/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20181230221420/https://science.nasa.gov/researchers/sara/fellowship-programs/nancy-grace-roman-technology-fellowships-astrophysics-early-career-researchers/roman-fellowship-bio] Provjerite vrijednost parametra
|archive-url=
(pomoć). Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 57. Bristol, UK: IOP Publishing. str. 45. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ARA&A..57....1R - https://info.umkc.edu/unews/celebrating-women-in-stem-dr-nancy-grace-roman/ 2019ARA&A..57....1R
* https://info.umkc.edu/unews/celebrating-women-in-stem-dr-nancy-grace-roman/] Provjerite |bibcode=
length (pomoć). doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-091918-104446. ISBN 978-0-7503-1756-6. Arhivirano s originala, November 2, 2014. Pristupljeno May 5, 2020. line feed character u |title=
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(pomoć); Provjerite vrijednost datuma u parametru: parametri |year=
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nisu u skladu (pomoć); Vanjski link u parametru |title=
(pomoć) NASA Science For Researchers. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, August 29, 2011. Web. November 5, 2013. www.science.nasa.gov.
- Malerbo, Dan (March 19, 2009). "Nancy Grace Roman." Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
- Agency Awards Historical Recipient List | url= https://searchpub.nssc.nasa.gov/servlet/sm.web.Fetch/Agency_Awards_Historical_Recipient_List.pdf?rhid=1000&did=2120817&type=release
- https://web.archive.org/web/20161202083252/https://searchpub.nssc.nasa.gov/servlet/sm.web.Fetch/Agency_Awards_Historical_Recipient_List.pdf?rhid=1000&did=2120817&type=released , NASA Agency Award Program, Washington DC, USA
- A Mass for the Extrasolar Planet Gliese 876b Determined from Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor 3 Astrometry and High-Precision Radial Velocities bibcode=2002ApJ...581L.115B|arxiv = astro-ph/0212101 | s2cid=18430973
- Astronomical Journal url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/1959AJ.....64R.344R/ADS_PDF
- http://archive.stsci.edu/copernicus/%7C title=Copernicus at the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes | access-date = May 12, 2020
- Hubblesite – TheSpace Telescope's Journey | access-date=May 12, 2020 http://hubble.stsci.edu/hubble_discoveries/10th/vault/timeline.shtml
- The Universe in a Mirror: The Saga of the Hubble Space Telescope and the Visionaries Who Built It
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VXUjGO8PEQ Nancy Grace Roman Mother of Hubble Telescope; https://web.archive.org/web/20200708153605/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VXUjGO8PEQ
- The Very First Light; John Boslough i John Mather; Basic Books isbn=9780786726479 | url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/e_DXqvK6SVUC?hl=en
- https://astronautical.org/awards/retired/lovelace/%7C title = William Randolph Lovelace II Award | date = March 2, 2016 | archive-date = December 9, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191209204740/https://astronautical.org/awards/retired/lovelace/
- https://www.aaas.org/fellows/historic | title = AAAS Historic Fellows Listing | archive-date = March 27, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091455/https://www.aaas.org/fellows/historic
- http://www.businessinsider.com/lego-female-scientists-engineers-nasa-kit-2017-11 |title=Women of NASA Lego toy set now on sale for $24.99 |publisher=Business Insider |date=June 22, 2017 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101183328/http://www.businessinsider.com/lego-female-scientists-engineers-nasa-kit-2017-11
- https://www.uuworld.org/articles/othering-and-belonging%7Ctitle=An astronomer's big legacy in miniature|publisher=UU World|date=June 1, 2018|archive-date=June 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605012717/https://www.uuworld.org/articles/othering-and-belonging%7Curl-status=live
- https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-telescope-named-for-mother-of-hubble-nancy-grace-roman/ | title=NASA Telescope Named For 'Mother of Hubble' Nancy Grace Roman | publisher=NASA | date=May 20, 2020 | archive-date=May 20, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520180313/https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-telescope-named-for-mother-of-hubble-nancy-grace-roman/ | url-status=live
- NASA Science Live: Expanding Our View of the Universe | publisher=NASA | date=May 20, 2020 | archive-date=June 19, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619053529/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNnvWem8V3U&feature=youtu.be