Razlika između verzija stranice "Stijena"
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Red 33:
{{Glavni|Metamorfne stijene}}
[[Datoteka:Stadtroda Sandstein.jpg|thumb|desno|Pješčar]]
[[Metamorfne stijene]] nastaju kada se bilo koja druga vrsta stijena: [[sedimentne stijene|sedimentne]], [[magmatske stijene|magmatske]] ili druge starije metamorfne, izlože drugačijim uslovima [[temperatura|temperature]] i [[pritisak|pritiska]] od onih pri kojima su se prvobitne stijene formirale. Taj proces naziva se metamorfoza, što znači "promjena forme". Kao rezultat procesa dešavaju se temeljite promjene u fizičkim i hemijskim osobinama stijene. Prvobitna stijena, poznata kao ''protolit'', transformira se u druge mineralne vrste ili druge forme istog minerala putem [[rekristalizacija|rekristalizacije]].<ref name=Blatt /> Temperature i pritisci neophodni za ovaj proces su uvijek viši od onih koji vladaju na površini Zemlje: temperature više od 150 do 200
Razlikuju se tri osnovne klase metamorfnih stijena na osnovu mehanizma njihovog nastanka. Intruzija magme koja zagrijava okolne stijene prouzrokuje kontaktni metamorfizma, transformaciju u kojoj dominira visoka temperatura. Metamorfizam pritiskom dešava se kada su sedimenti zakopani duboko u kori, kada glavnu ulogu igra pritisak dok temperatura je sporedna. Ovaj proces naziva se klastični metamorfizam i njime mogu nastati stijene poput [[žad]]a. Kada su prisutna oba faktora: visoka temperatura i visoki pritisak, mehanizam se naziva regionalni metamorfizam. On se obično dešava u područjima nastanka [[planina]].<ref name="Wilson1995"/>
Red 58:
{{Commonscat|Rocks}}
{{refspisak|2|refs=
<ref name="Botin">{{cite book|editor1-last=Botin|editor1-first=J.A.|title=Sustainable Management of Mining Operations|year=2009|publisher=Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration|location=Denver, CO, SAD|isbn=9780873352673}}</ref>▼
<ref name="Living">{{cite book|author=Wilson Arthur|title=The Living Rock: The Story of Metals Since Earliest Times and Their Impact on Developing Civilization|year=1996|publisher=Woodhead Publishing|location=Cambridge, Engleska|isbn=1855733013}}</ref>▼
<ref name="Terrascope">{{cite web|author=Terrascope|title=Environmental Risks of Mining|url=http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2016/finalwebsite/problems/mining.html|website=The Future of strategic Natural Resources|publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology|pristupdatum=10. 9. 2014|location=Cambridge, MA, SAD}}</ref>▼
<ref name="Haviland">William Haviland, Dana Walrath, Harald Prins, Bunny McBride (2010): ''Evolution and Prehistory: The Human Challenge'', ISBN 978-0495812197, str. 166</ref>▼
<ref name="BucherGrapes2011">{{Citation |author = Bucher Kurt; Grapes Rodney | title = Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks | publisher = Springer| pages = 23–24 | year= 2011| isbn = 3540741682 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FFcHarai9GEC&pg=PA24}}</ref>▼
<ref name="mtpe2">{{cite web | url=http://earth.rice.edu/mtpe/geo/geosphere/topics/rocks_a.html | title=Rocks and classifications | work=Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara | pristupdatum=30. 3. 2016 | author=Roberts, Dar}}</ref>
<ref name="Wilson1995">{{Citation |author= Wilson, James Robert|title= A collector's guide to rock, mineral & fossil localities of Utah| publisher = Utah Geological Survey | pages= 1–22 | year= 1995 |isbn = 1557913366 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=t-XvE8DTiW0C&pg=PA1}}</ref>
<ref name=Blatt>{{cite book |author=Blatt Harvey; Robert J. Tracy |year=1996 |title=Petrology |publisher=W. H. Freeman |edition=2. |isbn=0-7167-2438-3 }}</ref>
<ref name=EB1911>Chisholm, Hugh, ur. (1911). "Petrology". ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (11. izd.) Cambridge University Press.</ref>
▲<ref name="BucherGrapes2011">{{Citation |author = Bucher Kurt; Grapes Rodney | title = Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks | publisher = Springer| pages = 23–24 | year= 2011| isbn = 3540741682 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FFcHarai9GEC&pg=PA24}}</ref>
▲<ref name="Haviland">William Haviland, Dana Walrath, Harald Prins, Bunny McBride (2010): ''Evolution and Prehistory: The Human Challenge'', {{ISBN
▲<ref name="Botin">{{cite book|editor1-last=Botin|editor1-first=J.A.|title=Sustainable Management of Mining Operations|year=2009|publisher=Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration|location=Denver, CO, SAD|isbn=9780873352673}}</ref>
▲<ref name="Living">{{cite book|author=Wilson Arthur|title=The Living Rock: The Story of Metals Since Earliest Times and Their Impact on Developing Civilization|year=1996|publisher=Woodhead Publishing|location=Cambridge, Engleska|isbn=1855733013}}</ref>
▲<ref name="Terrascope">{{cite web|author=Terrascope|title=Environmental Risks of Mining|url=http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2016/finalwebsite/problems/mining.html|website=The Future of strategic Natural Resources|publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology|pristupdatum=10. 9. 2014|location=Cambridge, MA, SAD}}</ref>
}}
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