Elipsa (figura)

Elipsa (grč. έλλειψις, élleipsis = izostavljanje) figura je koja nastaje kad se iz rečenične cjeline izostavljaju pojedine riječi.

Primjeri elipse

Elipsa je česta i u svakodnevnome govoru:

Ana je zagrlila Marka, a Marko Anu. (Ana je zagrlila Marka, a Marko je zagrlio Anu.)
Došli su. (Oni su došli. Bosanski jezik je jedan od jezika u kojemu se lične zamjenice mogu i ne moraju navoditi u ovakvim slučajevima. Ako se navode, to je najčešće zbog isticanja.)

Elipse se mogu javljati i u mediju poput filma, posebice u najavama:

Elipsa je, naravno, česta u poeziji kao izražajno sredstvo:

Sverazorni će ritam po ulici da ori:
"Gori! Gori!"

Na ruci mojoj žalosnoj crveni prsten Javorov.

Torba gola, podne pali,
Sokak prazan, gori tjeme.

Bibliografija

Ágel, Vilmos, Ludwig Eichinger, Hans-Werner Eroms, Peter Hellwig, Hans Jürgen Heringer, and Henning Lobin (eds.) 2003/6. Dependency and Valency: An international handbook of contemporary research. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Johnson, Kyle 2001. What VP ellipsis can do, and what it can't, but not why. In The handbook of contemporary syntactic theory, ed. Mark Baltin and Chris Collins, 439–479. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Lappin, Shalom 1996. The interpretation of ellipsis. In The handbook of contemporary semantic theory, ed. Shalom Lappin. Oxford: Blackwell.
Lobeck, Anne. 1995. Ellipsis: Functional heads, licensing, and identification. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lobeck, Anne. 2006. Ellipsis in DP. In The Blackwell Companion to Syntax, ed. by Martin Everaert et al., vol. 2, pp. 145–173. Oxford: Blackwell.
Merchant, Jason. 2001. The syntax of silence: Sluicing, islands, and the theory of ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Osborne, Timothy and Thomas Groß 2012. Constructions are catenae: Construction Grammar meets Dependency Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics 23, 1: 163–214.
Sag, Ivan 1976. Deletion and logical form. Doctoral Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.