Zemljotres u San Francisku 1906.
Zemljotres u San Francisku 1906. pogodio je San Francisco i obalu sjeverne Kalifornije 18. aprila 1906. u 5:12.[1] Najšire prihvaćena procjena magnitude zemljotresa jest 7,9 Mw[2], ali iznose se i druge vrijednosti, od 7,7, pa čak do 8,25.[3] Glavni epicentar bio je u moru, približno 3,2 km od grada. Potres se osjetio od Oregona do Los Angelesa i sve do centralne Nevade.[4] Zemljotres i požar koji je uslijedio pamte se kao jedna od najvećih prirodnih katastrofa u historiji Sjedinjenih Američkih Država[5] uz uragan u Galvestonu 1900. i uragan Katrinu 2005. Procjenjuje se da je od zemljotresa i požara stradalo više od 3.000 ljudi[6] i to je najsmrtonosnija prirodna katastrofa u historiji Kalifornije.
| Zemljotres u San Francisku 1906. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Datum | 18. april 1906. |
| Vrijeme nastanka | 5:12 |
| Jačina | 7,8 Mw |
| Dubina | 8 km |
| Lokacija epicentra | 37°45′N 122°33′W / 37.75°N 122.55°W |
| Pogođene države | SAD (Zaljevsko područje San Franciska) |
| Cunami | nema |
| Žrtve | 3.000+ (procijenjeno na 3.425) |
Također pogledajte
uredi- Arnold Genthe i George R. Lawrence, fotografi zemljotresa
- Komitet pedesetorice (1906)
- Spisak zemljotresa u SAD-u
Panorame
uredi
Reference
uredi- ^ "USGS – The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake". Arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2015. Pristupljeno 17. 4. 2013.
- ^ Gdje mogu saznati više o zemljotresu 1906?, Seizmološka laboratorija Berkeley.
- ^ Zemljotres 1906: Kolika je bila magnituda? Arhivirano 26. 9. 2006. na Wayback Machine USGS Earthquake Hazards Program – Northern California; pristupljeno 19. 9. 2006.
- ^ Christine Gibson Arhivirano 5. 12. 2010. na Wayback Machine "Our 10 Greatest Natural Disasters," American Heritage, aug/sept. 2006.
- ^ John Dvorak Arhivirano 25. 7. 2008. na Wayback Machine "San Francisco Then and Now," American Heritage, april/maj 2006.
- ^ Timeline of the San Francisco Earthquake 18-23. april 1906 Arhivirano 3. 3. 2016. na Wayback Machine, The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco
Literatura
uredi- Double Cone Quarterly, Fall Equinox, svezak VII, br. 3 (2004).
- American Society of Civil Engineers (1907). Transactions. Paper No. 1056. The Effects Of The San Francisco Earthquake of April 18th, 1906, on Engineering Constructions: Reports Of A General Committee And Of Six Special Committees Of The San Francisco Association Of Members Of The American Society Of Civil Engineers. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
- Greely, Adolphus W. (1906). Earthquake in California, April 18, 1906. Special Report On The Relief Operations Conducted By The Military Authorities. Washington: Government Printing Office. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
- Gilbert, Grove Karl; Richard Lewis Humphrey, John Stephen Sewell and Frank Soule (1907). The San Francisco Earthquake And Fire of April 18th, 1906 And Their Effects On Structures And Structural Materials. Washington: Government Printing Office. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
- The San Francisco Earthquake And Fire: A Presentation of Facts And Resulting. New York: The Roebling Construction Company. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Jordan, David Starr; John Casper Branner, Charles Derleth, Jr., Stephen Taber, F. Omari, Harold W. Fairbanks, Mary Hunter Austin (1907). The California Earthquake of 1906. San Francisco: A. M. Robertson. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link) CS1 održavanje: više imena: authors list (link)
- Mining And Scientific Press; T. A. Rickard, G. K. Gilbert, S. B. Christy (); et al. (1907). After Earthquake And Fire: A Reprint Of The Articles And Editorial Comment Appearing In The Mining And Scientific Press. San Francisco: Mining And Scientific Press. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. Eksplicitna upotreba et al. u:
|author2=(pomoć)CS1 održavanje: više imena: authors list (link) - Russell Sage Foundation; Charles J. O'Connor, Francis H. McLean, Helen Swett Artieda, James Marvin Motley, Jessica Peixotto, Mary Roberts Coolidge (1907). San Francisco Relief Survey: The Organization And Methods Of Relief Used After The Earthquake And Fire Of April 18, 1906. Survey Associates, Inc. (New York), Wm. F. Fell Co. (Philadelphia). Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link) CS1 održavanje: više imena: authors list (link)
- Schussler, Hermann (1907). The Water Supply Of San Francisco, California Before, During And After The Earthquake of April 18, 1906 And The Subsequent Conflagration. New York: Martin B. Brown Press. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
- Tyler, Sydney; Harry Fielding Reid (1908). The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report Of The State Earthquake Investigation Commission, Volumes I and II. Washington, D.C.: The Carnegie Institution of Washington. Vanjski link u parametru
|title=(pomoć) - Wald D. J, Kanamori, Hiroo, Helmberger, D.V. and Heaton, T. H, Source study of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, bilten Američkog seizmološkog društva, sv. 83, br. 4, str. 981-1019, august 1993.
- Winchester, Simon, A Crack in the Edge of the World: America and the Great California Earthquake of 1906, "HarperCollins Publishers", New York, 2005. ISBN 0-06-057199-3
- Savremeni izvori o katastrofi
- Aitken, Frank W.; Edward Hilton (1906). A History Of The Earthquake And Fire In San Francisco. San Francisco: The Edward Hilton Co. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Banks, Charles Eugene; Opie Percival Read (1906). The History Of The San Francisco Disaster And Mount Vesuvius Horror. C. E. Thomas. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Givens, John David; Opie Percival Read (1906). San Francisco In Ruins: A Pictorial History. San Francisco: Leon C. Osteyee. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Keeler, Charles (1906). San Francisco Through Earthquake And Fire. San Francisco: Paul Elder And Company. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Morris, Charles (1906). The San Francisco Calamity By Earthquake And Fire. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- Tyler, Sydney; Ralph Stockman Tarr (1908). San Francisco's Great Disaster. Philadelphia: P. W. Ziegler Co. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
- White, Trumbull; Richard Linthicum (1906). Complete Story of the San Francisco Horror. Pristupljeno 15. 8. 2009.
Vanjski linkovi
uredi
Commons ima datoteke na temu: Zemljotres u San Francisku 1906.
- Članak iz 2010. s izvrsnim fotografijama
- Zemljotres i požar 1906, Nacionalne arhive
- Zemljotres u San Francisku Arhivirano 29. 6. 2011. na: Archive.today originalni izvještaji Timesa
- Geološka tura zemljotresa u San Francisku, 100 godina kasnije, Američki geološki institut
- Zemljotres u San Francisku Arhivirano 22. 7. 2012. na Wayback Machine – veb-sajt s informacijama za studente
- Veliki zemljotres i požar 1906. na stranici Muzeja San Franciska
- Mapa razorenog područja i linkovi na fotografije Arhivirano 25. 1. 2013. na Wayback Machine
- Kolekcija Edith Irvine: Fotografije zemljotresa u San Francisku 1906.
- Zemljotres 1906. u Palo Altu