Razlika između verzija stranice "Otapalo"
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Red 6:
==
{{Izmjena_u_toku}}
Otapala se dijele na ''nepolarna'', ''polarna - protonska'' (disocijacijom daju proton) i ''polarna - aprotonska''(nemaju proton koji disocira). Otapala čija je dielektrična konstanta niža od 15 se smatraju nepolarnim.
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
! align="center" | Solvent
! align="center" | [[Hemijska formula]]
! align="center" | [[Tačka ključanja]]
! align="center" | [[Dielektrična konstanta]]
! align="center" | [[Gustoća]]<!-- ### Non-Polar Solvents ### -->
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Non-Polar Solvents'''
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Hexane]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 69 °C
| align="center" | 2.0
| align="center" | 0.655 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Benzene]]
| align="center" | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>
| align="center" | 80 °C
| align="center" | 2.3
| align="center" | 0.879 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Toluene]]
| align="center" | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 111 °C
| align="center" | 2.4
| align="center" | 0.867 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Diethyl ether]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 35 °C
| align="center" | 4.3
| align="center" | 0.713 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Chloroform]]
| align="center" | CHCl<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 61 °C
| align="center" | 4.8
| align="center" | '''1.498 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Ethyl acetate]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 77 °C
| align="center" | 6.0
| align="center" | 0.894 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Polar Aprotic Solvents'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[1,4-Dioxane]]
| align="center" | <u>/-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-\</u>
| align="center" | 101 °C
| align="center" | 2.3
| align="center" | '''1.033 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Tetrahydrofuran]] (THF)
| align="center" | <u>/-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-\</u>
| align="center" | 66 °C
| align="center" | 7.5
| align="center" | 0.886 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dichloromethane]] (DCM)
| align="center" | CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>
| align="center" | 40 °C
| align="center" | 9.1
| align="center" | '''1.326 g/ml''' <!-- ### Polar Aprotic Solvents ### -->
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Acetone]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 56 °C
| align="center" | 21
| align="center" | 0.786 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Acetonitrile]] (MeCN)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C≡N
| align="center" | 82 °C
| align="center" | 37
| align="center" | 0.786 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dimethylformamide]] (DMF)
| align="center" | H-C(=O)N(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
| align="center" | 153 °C
| align="center" | 38
| align="center" | 0.944 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dimethyl sulfoxide]] (DMSO)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-S(=O)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 189 °C
| align="center" | 47
| align="center" | '''1.092 g/ml'''<!-- ### Polar Protic Solvents ### -->
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Polar Protic Solvents'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Acetic acid]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)OH
| align="center" | 118 °C
| align="center" | 6.2
| align="center" | '''1.049 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Butanol|''n''-Butanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 118 °C
| align="center" | 18
| align="center" | 0.810 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Isopropanol]] (IPA)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH(-OH)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 82 °C
| align="center" | 18
| align="center" | 0.785 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[1-Propanol|''n''-Propanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 97 °C
| align="center" | 20
| align="center" | 0.803 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Ethanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 79 °C
| align="center" | 24
| align="center" | 0.789 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Methanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-OH
| align="center" | 65 °C
| align="center" | 33
| align="center" | 0.791 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Formic acid]]
| align="center" | H-C(=O)OH
| align="center" | 100 °C
| align="center" | 58
| align="center" | '''1.21 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Water (molecule)|Water]]
| align="center" | H-O-H
| align="center" | 100 °C
| align="center" | 80
| align="center" | 1.000 g/ml</table>
[[Kategorija:Hemija]]
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