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▲In [[biology]], a '''species''' is the basic unit of [[biodiversity]]. In [[scientific classification]], a species is assigned a two-part name in Latin. The [[genus]] is listed first (and capitalized), followed by a specific epithet. For example, humans belong to the genus ''Homo'', and are in the species ''Homo sapiens''. The name of the species is the whole [[binomial nomenclature|binomial]] not just the second term (the specific epithet). The binomial, and most other purely formal aspects of the biological [[nomenclature code|codes of nomenclature]], were formalized by [[Linnaeus|Carolus Linnaeus]] in the 1700's and as a result are called the "Linnaean system". At that time, species were thought to represent independent acts of creation by [[God]], and were therefore considered objectively real and immutable.
Since the advent of the theory of [[evolution]], the conception of species has undergone vast changes in biology, however no consensus on the definition of the word has yet been reached. The most commonly cited definition of "species" was first coined by [[Ernst Mayr]]. By this definition, called the biological species concept or isolation species concept, species are "groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural [[population]]s which are reproductively isolated from other such groups". However, many other species concepts are also used (see other [[#Definitions of species|definitions of species]] below).
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