Razlika između verzija stranice "Koronavirus"
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{{taksokvir
| boja = violet
| naziv = ''Orthocoronavirinae''
| slika = 2019-nCoV-CDC-23312 without background.png
| slika_širina = 220px
| slika_opis = 2019-nCoV virion
| skupina_virusa =
| phylum = ''[[incertae sedis]]''
| ordo = ''[[Nidovirales]]''
| familia = ''[[Coronaviridae]]''
| subfamilia = '''Orthocoronavirinae'''
| razdioba_stepen = [[Rod (taksonomija)|Rodovi]]<ref name=ICTV2018b>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release |url=https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/ |website=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |accessdate=24. 1. 2020 |language=en |format=html |date=March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304035352/https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/ |archive-date=4. 3. 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| razdioba = {{bulleted list |[[Alphacoronavirus]] |[[Betacoronavirus]] |[[Gammacoronavirus]] |[[Deltacoronavirus]] }}
| sinonimi = {{bulleted list |''Coronavirinae''<ref name="2017.012-015S">{{cite web |title=2017.012-015S |url=https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv/proposals/2017.012_015S.A.v1.Nidovirales.zip |website=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |accessdate=24. 1. 2020 |language=en |format=xlsx |date=October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514162836/https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv/proposals/2017.012_015S.A.v1.Nidovirales.zip |archive-date=14. 5. 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="OrthocoronavirinaeICTV">{{cite web |title=ICTV Taxonomy history: ''Orthocoronavirinae'' |url=https://talk.ictvonline.org//taxonomy/p/taxonomy-history?taxnode_id=201851847 |website=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |accessdate=24. 1. 2020 |language=en}}</ref>}}
}}
'''Koronavirusi''' ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: ''Orthocoronavirinae'', ''Coronavirinae'') jest grupa [[Virus (biologija)|virusa]] koji uzrokuju bolesti kod [[Sisari|sisara]] i [[Ptice|ptica]]. Virusi kod ljudi uzrokuju [[Disanje|disajne]] infekcije, poput [[Prehlada|prehlade]], koje su obično blage. Rjeđi oblici, poput [[SARS (bolest)|SARS-a]], [[MERS (bolest)|MERS]]-a i [[2019-nCoV|novog koronavirusa]] (koji je uzrokovao [[Epidemija koronavirusa u Wuhanu 2019/2020|epidemiju koronavirusa u Wuhanu 2019/2020]]), mogu biti smrtonosni. Kod krava i svinja koronavirusi izazivaju [[proljev]], a kod kokoši bolest gornjih disajnih puteva. Ne postoji odobrena [[vakcina]] ili antivirusni lijek za sprječavanje ili liječenje virusa.
Koronavirusi su virusi iz potporodice ''Orthocoronavirinae'', porodice ''Coronaviridae'' i reda ''Nidovirales''.<ref name="groot">{{Cite book|title=Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|vauthors=de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric R, Enjuanes L, Gorbalenya AE, Holmes KV, Perlman S, Poon L, Rottier PJ, Talbot PJ, Woo PC, Ziebuhr J|publisher=Elsevier, Oxford|year=2011|isbn=978-0-12-384684-6|editor-last=AMQ King|pages=806–828|chapter=Family ''Coronaviridae''|author-link2=Susan Baker (virologist)|editor-last2=E Lefkowitz|editor-last3=MJ Adams|editor-last4=EB Carstens}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/1231/download.aspx|title=ICTV Master Species List 2009 – v10|last=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|date=24. 8. 2010|format=xls}}</ref> Obavijeni su jednolančanim, pozitivno usmjerenim [[RNA]] [[genom]]om i spiralno simetričnim [[nukleokapsid]]om. [[Veličina genoma]] je između 26 i 32 [[Bazni par|kilobaze]] – najveća za neki [[RNA virus]]. Koronavirusi su prvi put otkriveni 1960-tih.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.caringlyyours.com/coronavirus/|title=Coronavirus: Common Symptoms, Preventive Measures, & How to Diagnose It|date=28. 1. 2020|website=Caringly Yours|language=en-US|access-date=28. 1. 2020}}</ref>
Naziv "koronavirus" dolazi od [[Latinski jezik|latinske]] riječi ''corona'', čije je značenje "kruna" ili "[[aureola]]", a odnosi se na karakteristični izgled virusnih čestica (viriona): imaju obod koji podsjeća na krunu ili [[Korona|koronu Sunca]].
Izbijanje epidemije novog koranavirusa se desilo početkom decembra 2019. u glavnom gradu provincije Hubei [[Wuhan]]u, [[Kina]].<ref name="NYT-20200129">{{cite news|author=The Editorial Board|title=Is the World Ready for the Coronavirus? - Distrust in science and institutions could be a major problem if the outbreak worsens.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/29/opinion/coronavirus-outbreak.html|date=29. 1. 2020|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=30. 1. 2020}}</ref> [[Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija]] je novom virusu dala privremeni naziv [[2019-nCoV]]<ref name="WHO20200110"">{{Cite web|url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330374/WHO-2019-nCoV-laboratory-2020.1-eng.pdf|title=Laboratory testing of human suspected cases of novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection. Interim guidance, 10 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120043516/https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/330374/WHO-2019-nCoV-laboratory-2020.1-eng.pdf|archive-date=20. 1. 2020|url-status=live|access-date=14. 1. 2020}}</ref><ref name="CDC20200113">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html|title=Novel Coronavirus 2019, Wuhan, China | CDC|date=23. 1. 2020|website=www.cdc.gov|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120144040/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html|archive-date=20. 1. 2020|url-status=live|access-date=23. 1. 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection.html|title=2019 Novel Coronavirus infection (Wuhan, China): Outbreak update|date=21. 1. 2020|website=Canada.ca}}</ref> i proglasila je vanrednu situaciju na globalnom nivou u vezi sa širenjem novog korona virusa. Nakon toga, započela je epidemija koja je zahvatila i druge dijelove Kine, a identificiraju se i slučajevi izvan Kine, u nekoliko zemalja [[Azija|Azije]], ali i u [[Australija|Australiji]], [[Evropa|Evropi]] i [[Sjeverna Amerika|Sjevernoj Americi]]. Prvi slučajevi u Evropi potvrđeni su u [[Francuska|Francuskoj]] 24. januara 2020. godine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fmoh.gov.ba/index.php/novosti-iz-ministarstva/519-novi-koronavirus-2019-ncov|title=Novi koronavirus 2019-nCoV|website=fmoh.gov.ba|accessdate=2020-02-07}}</ref>
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