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| Izlučivanje = [[bubreg|Bubrežno]]<br>[[PubChem]]: 6238
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'''17α-Hidroksiprogesteron''' ('''17α-OHP'''), poznat i kao '''17-OH progesteron '''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/17-oh-progesterone#:~:text=The%20hormone%2017%2Dhydroxyprogesterone%20(17,to%20a%20hormone%20called%20cortisol. |title=17-OH Progesterone Test}}</ref> ('''17-OHP'''),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/our-services/services-we-offer/pathology/tests-and-investigations/17-hydroxyprogesterone-17ohp/ |title=17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP)}}</ref> ili '''hidroksiprogesteron''' ('''HP'''), je [[endogen]]i [[progestogen]]ski [[steroidni hormon]] srodan [[progesteron]]u.<ref name="Elks2014">{{cite book|author=J. Elks|title=The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0vXTBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA665|date=14 November 2014|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4757-2085-3|pages=664–665}}</ref><ref name="MortonHall2012">{{cite book|author1=I.K. Morton|author2=Judith M. Hall|title=Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tsjrCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA146|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-011-4439-1|pages=146–}}</ref><ref name="IndexNominum2000">{{cite book|title=Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5GpcTQD_L2oC&pg=PA532|date=January 2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-3-88763-075-1|pages=532–}}</ref> TakođeTakođer je [[prekursor (biohemija) |hemijski međuprodukt]] u [[biosinteza|biosintezi]] mnogih drugih endogenih [[steroid]]a, uključujući [[androgen]]e, [[estrogen]]e, [[glukokortikoid]]e i [[mineralokortikoid]]e, kao i [[neurosteroid]]e.
== Biološka aktivnost ==
17α-OHP je [[agonist]] [[progesteronski receptor|progesteronskog receptora]] (PR), slično [[progesteron]]u, iako slabiji u poređenju s njim.<ref name="pmid18060946">{{cite journal | vauthors = Attardi BJ, Zeleznik A, Simhan H, Chiao JP, Mattison DR, Caritis SN | title = Comparison of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor binding and stimulation of gene expression by progesterone, 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and related progestins | journal = Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. | volume = 197 | issue = 6 | pages = 599.e1–7 | year = 2007 | pmid = 18060946 | pmc = 2278032 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.024 }}</ref> Pored toga, on je [[antagonist receptora| antagonist]] [[mineralokortikoidni receptor|mineralokortikoidnog receptora]] (MR)<ref name="pmid25896481">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mooij CF, Parajes S, Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, Arlt W, Krone N, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL | title = Influence of 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, Progesterone and Sex Steroids on Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transactivation in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | journal = Horm Res Paediatr | volume = 83| issue = 6| pages = 414–421| date = April 2015 | pmid = 25896481 | doi = 10.1159/000374112 | url =http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/25244128/Mooij_et_al_Influence_17_Hydroxyprogesterone_Hormone_Research_Paediatrics_2015_Post_Print.pdf }}</ref> kao i [[parcijalni agonist]] [[glukokortikoidni receptor|glukokortikoidnog receptora]] (GR), iako sa vrlo niskom snagom ([[EC50|EC<sub>50</sub>]] > 100 puta manje u odnosu na [[kortizol]]) na posljednjem mjestu, također slično progesteronu. <ref name="pmid18060946" /><ref name="pmid26207344">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, Engels M, Mooij CF, Griffin A, Krone N, Span PN, van Herwaarden AE, Sweep FC, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL | title = Adrenal Steroid Metabolites Accumulating in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia lead to Transactivation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 156| issue = 10| pages = 3504–3510 | year = 2015 | pmid = 26207344 | doi = 10.1210/en.2015-1087 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="SunLei2012">{{cite journal|last1=Sun|first1=Kang|last2=Lei|first2=Kaiyu|last3=Chen|first3=Li|last4=Georgiou|first4=Ektoras X.|last5=Sooranna|first5=Suren R.|last6=Khanjani|first6=Shirin|last7=Brosens|first7=Jan J.|last8=Bennett|first8=Phillip R.|last9=Johnson|first9=Mark R.|title=Progesterone Acts via the Nuclear Glucocorticoid Receptor to Suppress IL-1β-Induced COX-2 Expression in Human Term Myometrial Cells|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=11|year=2012|pages=e50167|issn=1932-6203|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0050167|pmid=23209664|pmc=3509141|bibcode=2012PLoSO...750167L}}</ref>
17α-OHP je [[agonist]] [[progesteronski receptor|progesteronskog receptora]] (PR), slično [[progesteron]]u, iako slabiji u poređenju s njim.
.<ref name="pmid18060946">{{cite journal | vauthors = Attardi BJ, Zeleznik A, Simhan H, Chiao JP, Mattison DR, Caritis SN | title = Comparison of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor binding and stimulation of gene expression by progesterone, 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and related progestins | journal = Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. | volume = 197 | issue = 6 | pages = 599.e1–7 | year = 2007 | pmid = 18060946 | pmc = 2278032 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.024 }}</ref> Pored toga, on je [[antagonist receptora| antagonist]] [[mineralokortikoidni receptor|mineralokortikoidnog receptora]] (MR)<ref name="pmid25896481">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mooij CF, Parajes S, Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, Arlt W, Krone N, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL | title = Influence of 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, Progesterone and Sex Steroids on Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transactivation in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | journal = Horm Res Paediatr | volume = 83| issue = 6| pages = 414–421| date = April 2015 | pmid = 25896481 | doi = 10.1159/000374112 | url =http://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/25244128/Mooij_et_al_Influence_17_Hydroxyprogesterone_Hormone_Research_Paediatrics_2015_Post_Print.pdf }}</ref> kao i [[parcijalni agonist]] [[glukokortikoidni receptor|glukokortikoidnog receptora]] (GR), iako sa vrlo niskom snagom ([[EC50|EC<sub>50</sub>]] > 100 puta manje u odnosu na [[kortizol]]) na posljednjem mjestu, također slično progesteronu. <ref name="pmid18060946" /><ref name="pmid26207344">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, Engels M, Mooij CF, Griffin A, Krone N, Span PN, van Herwaarden AE, Sweep FC, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL | title = Adrenal Steroid Metabolites Accumulating in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia lead to Transactivation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 156| issue = 10| pages = 3504–3510 | year = 2015 | pmid = 26207344 | doi = 10.1210/en.2015-1087 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="SunLei2012">{{cite journal|last1=Sun|first1=Kang|last2=Lei|first2=Kaiyu|last3=Chen|first3=Li|last4=Georgiou|first4=Ektoras X.|last5=Sooranna|first5=Suren R.|last6=Khanjani|first6=Shirin|last7=Brosens|first7=Jan J.|last8=Bennett|first8=Phillip R.|last9=Johnson|first9=Mark R.|title=Progesterone Acts via the Nuclear Glucocorticoid Receptor to Suppress IL-1β-Induced COX-2 Expression in Human Term Myometrial Cells|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=11|year=2012|pages=e50167|issn=1932-6203|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0050167|pmid=23209664|pmc=3509141|bibcode=2012PLoSO...750167L}}</ref>
 
{{Relativni afinitetiof hidroksiprogesterona i srodnih steroida}}
 
==Biohemija==
[[SlikaDatoteka:Steroidogenesis.svg|thumb|left|300px|[[Steroidogeneza]], sa17α-OHP oko lijeve sredine među [[pregnen]]a.]]
 
===Biosinteza===
17α-OHP je izveden iz [[progesteron]]a putem [[17α-hidroksilaza17α-hidroksilaze]] (kodirano sa [[CYP17A1]]).
 
17α-OHP raste u trećem tromjesečju [[trudnoća|trudnoće]], prvenstveno zbog [[fetus]]ne proizvodnje [[nedbubrežna žlijezda|nadbubrežne žlijezde]].
 
Ovaj steroid se prvenstveno proizvodi u nadbubrežnoj žlijezdi, a donekle i u [[gonada]]ma, posebno u [[žuto tijelo|žutom tijelu]] [[jajnici|jajnika]]. Normalni nivoi su 3-90 &nbsp;ng/dl kod djece, a kod žena 20-100 & nbsp; ng /dl prije [[oculacija|ovulacije]] i 100-500 &nbsp;ng/dl tokom [[luteusna faza|luteusne faze]].<ref>[http://www.perinatology.com/Reference/Reference%20Ranges/17-hydroxyprogesterone.htm Reference Values During Pregnancy]</ref><ref>[http://www.keratin.com/ab/ab012.shtml normal ranges for hormone tests in women]</ref>
 
=== Mjerenje ===
Mjerenja nivoa 17α-OHP korisna su u procjeni pacijenata kod kojih se sumnja na stanje zvano [[urođena nadbubrežna hiperplazija]], kao oštećenja tipskih enzima [[21-hidroksilaza]] i [[kongenitalna nadbubrežna hiperplazija zbog nedostatka 11β-hidroksilaze|11β-hidroksilaza]], dovode do nakupljanja 17α-OHP. Suprotno tome, rijetki pacijenti sa [[nedostatak 17α-hidroksilaze|nedostatkom 17α-hidroksilaze]] imat će vrlo niske ili neotkrivene nivoe 17α-OHP. Nivoi 17α-OHP također se mogu koristiti za merenjemjerenje doprinosa progestacione aktivnosti žutog telatijela tokom trudnoće kao i progesteron, ali I 17α-OHP-u također doprinosi I [[placenta]]
 
[[Imunološki test]] poput RIA ([[radioimunološki test]]) ili IRMA (imunoradiometrijski
test) koji se koriste za kliničko određivanje 17α-OHP, skloni su unakrsnoj reaktivnosti sa steroidnim prekursorima 17α-OHP i njihovim sulfatnim konjugatima. [[Gasna hromatografija| Plinska]] ili [[tečna hromatografija]] i [[masena spektrometrija]] (npr. LC-MS / MS) postižu veću specifičnost od imunoanalitskih [[Imunosej]]a, kao RIA ([[radioimmunesej]]) ili IRMA (imunoradiometrijski
esej).<ref name="pmid33073005">{{cite journal | vauthors = de Hora MR, Heather NL, Patel T, Bresnahan LG, Webster D, Hofman PL | title = Measurement of 17-Hydroxyprogesterone by LCMSMS Improves Newborn Screening for CAH Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency in New Zealand | journal = International Journal of Neonatal Screening | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 6 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 33073005 | pmc = 7422986 | doi = 10.3390/ijns6010006}}</ref><ref name="pmid33072992">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bialk ER, Lasarev MR, Held PK | title = Wisconsin's Screening Algorithm for the Identification of Newborns with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | journal = International Journal of Neonatal Screening | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 33 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 33072992 | pmc = 7510207 | doi = 10.3390/ijns5030033}}</ref>
 
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== Medicinska upotreba ==
[[Ester]]i s 17α-OHP, kao što je [[hidroksiprogesteron-kaproat]] i, u daleko manjoj mjeri, [[hidroksiprogesteron-acetat]] i [[hidroksiprogesteron-heptanoat]], korišteni su u medicini kao [[progestin]]i.<ref name="Elks2014" /><ref name="MortonHall2012" /><ref name="IndexNominum2000" /> When "hydroxyprogesterone" is referenced from the standpoint of medical use, what is usually being referred to is actually, in general, hydroxyprogesterone caproate.
 
== Hemija ==
17α-OHP, poznat i kao 17α-hidroksipregn-4-en-3,20-dion, [[prirodni proizvod |prirodno se javlja]] kao [[pregnan]] [[steroid]]. Sadrži [[keton]]sku [[funkcionalna grupa| grupu]] s na položajima C3 i C20, [[hidroksilna grupa|hidroksilnu]] na položaju C17α i [[dvostruka veza|dvostruku vezu]] između položaja C4 i C5.
 
17α-OHP je matični spoj klase progestina, koji se nazivaju ''17 derivati α-hidroksiprogesterona''.<ref name="Aronson2009">{{cite book|author=Jeffrey K. Aronson|title=Meyler's Side Effects of Endocrine and Metabolic Drugs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWMeSwVwfTkC&pg=PA289|date=21 February 2009|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-093292-7|pages=289–}}</ref><ref name="PrentkyBurgess2000">{{cite book|author1=Robert Alan Prentky|author2=Ann Wolbert Burgess|title=Forensic Management of Sexual Offenders|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-50Of8_n_TAC&pg=PA219|date=31 July 2000|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-306-46278-8|pages=219–}}</ref><ref name="SmithWilliams1983">{{cite book|author1=H. J. Smith|author2=Hywel Williams|title=Introduction to the Principles of Drug Design|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mElhDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA187|date=1 January 1983|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4831-8350-3|pages=187–}}</ref> Između ostalih, ova klasa lijekova uključuje [[klormadinon-acetat]], [[ciproteron-acetat]], [[hidroksiprogesteron-aproat]], [[medroksiprogesteron-acetat]] i [[megestrol-acetat]].<ref name="Aronson2009" /><ref name="PrentkyBurgess2000" /><ref name="SmithWilliams1983" />
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{{Reflist}}
 
{{Endogeni steroidi}}
{{Progestogeni i antiprogestogeni}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hydroxyprogesterone, 17α}}