Razlika između verzija stranice "Ribe"

'''Ribe''' su životinje iz grupe [[kičmenjaci|kičmenjaka]] koje žive gotovo isključivo u [[voda|vodi]] i dišu uz pomoć [[škrge|škrga]]. Oko polovina svih kičmenjaka su ribe, a najstariji poznati [[fosil]]i su stari oko 450 miliona godina.

 

*[[hrskavičave ribe|hrskavičave]] (''Chondrichthyes''), u koje se između ostalih ubrajaju [[morski psi]] i [[raže]], i

*[[koštunjače]] (''Osteichthyes'') koje obuhvataju sve ostale ribe. Nekada su postojale i ribe oklopnjače (''Placodermi'') i bodljikavi morski psi (''Acanthodii''), ali su izumrli.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Goldman |first=K.J. |title=Regulation of body temperature in the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias |journal=Journal of Comparative Physiology |year=1997 |volume=167 |series=B Biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology |issue=6 |pages=423–429 |doi=10.1007/s003600050092 |url=http://www.mendeley.com/research/temperature-and-activities-of-a-white-shark-carcharodon-carcharias/ |accessdate=12. 10. 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406114844/http://www.mendeley.com/research/temperature-and-activities-of-a-white-shark-carcharodon-carcharias/ |archivedate=6. 4. 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Carey |first=F.G. |author2=Lawson, K.D. |title=Temperature regulation in free-swimming bluefin tuna |journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A |date=februar 1973 |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=375–392 |doi=10.1016/0300-9629(73)90490-8}}</ref><ref name="Bioacoustics">{{cite journal|last1=Weinmann|first1=S.R.|last2=Black|first2=A.N.|last3=Richter|first3=M. L.|last4=Itzkowitz|first4=M|last5=Burger|first5=R.M|title=Territorial vocalization in sympatric damselfish: acoustic characteristics and intruder discrimination|journal=Bioacoustics|date=februar 2017|volume=27|issue=1|pages=87–102|doi=10.1080/09524622.2017.1286263}}</ref>

Ribe su vrlo stara i velika grupa kičmenjaka, koja se odlikuje znatnom raznolikošću. One su široko rasprostranjene u skoro svim vodama na zemlji: susrećemo ih od visokoplaninskih potoka i jezera (jezero [[Titicaca]], 4.572 m) do najvećih morskih dubina Marijanska brazda, 10.912 m), te od voda koje su blizu tačke zamrzavanja do toplih izvora. U savremenoj fauni postoji oko 28 000 vrsta riba. U tom mnoštvu susrećemo i prave divove duge do 20 metara i teške 15 - 20 tona, kao što je morski pas ''[[Rhincodon typus]]'', kao i patuljke koji ne narastu više od jednog centimetra.

 

*''Actinopterygii'' (zrakoperke) i

*''Sarcopterygii'' (mnogoperke i dvodihalice iz Afrike i Australije).<ref name="Journal">{{cite journal|last1=Bertucci|first1=F.|last2=Ruppé|first2=L.|last3=Wassenbergh|first3=S.V.|last4=Compère|first4=P.|last5=Parmentier|first5=E.|title=New Insights into the Role of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in the Sound-Producing Mechanism of Haemulon Flavolineatum (Haemulidae).|journal=Journal of Experimental Biology|date=29. 10. 2014|volume=217|issue=21|pages=3862–3869|doi=10.1242/jeb.109025|pmid=25355850}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=FishBase|url=http://www.fishbase.org/search.php |title=FishBase |date=august 2017 |accessdate=31. 8. 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823230232/http://www.fishbase.org/search.php |archivedate=23. 8. 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| pmc=3970477 | pmid=24591588 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1322003111 | volume=111 | issue=12 | title=Marine fish may be biochemically constrained from inhabiting the deepest ocean depths | year=2014 | journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | pages=4461–4465 | last1 = Yancey | first1 = PH | last2 = Gerringer | first2 = ME | last3 = Drazen | first3 = JC | last4 = Rowden | first4 = AA | last5 = Jamieson | first5 = A| bibcode=2014PNAS..111.4461Y }}</ref>