Razlika između verzija stranice "Zapremina"
[nepregledana izmjena] | [pregledana izmjena] |
Uklonjeni sadržaj Dodani sadržaj
evo prevoda na hrvatski |
m Poništene izmjene koje je napravio 93.137.217.185 (razgovor), vraćeno na zadnju verziju koju je sačuvao MerlIwBot |
||
Red 1:
{{Nedostaju izvori}}
{{Prijevod}}
'''Volumen''' (ponegdje i ''zapremina'' ili ''obujam'') je mjera prostora koji objekt zauzima. [[SI sistem|SI jedinica]] za volumen je [[kubni metar]].
Riječ '''volumen''' se koristi kod opisivanja prostora koji zauzima dano tijelo, dok se '''zapremina''' koristi u značenju koliko se u neki spremnik može pohraniti (npr. ''boca od litre''). Za volumen se češće koristi mjerna jedinica ''kubni metar'', dok se za zapreminu češće koristi [[litra]].
Samo 3-dimenzionalni objekti imaju volumen, dok 1-dimenzionalni (npr. linije) i 2-dimenzionalni (npr. [[kvadrat]]) imaju volumen jednak nuli.
Matematično, volumen su [[definicija|definirani]] preko [[integralni račun|integralnog računa]], aproksimirajući tijelo kao zbroj volumena velikog broja vrlo malih [[kocka|kocki]].
<!-- potreban prijevod:
The generalization of volume to arbitrarily many dimensions is called [[content]]. In [[differential geometry]], volume is expressed by means of the [[volume form]].
-->
== Obrazci za obim ==
[[Jednadžba|Jednadžbe]] za volumen:
:[[Kocka]]:<br /><math>s^3 = s \cdot s \cdot s</math> (gdje je ''s'' dužina [[brid]]a)
:
:[[Pravougla prizma]]:<br /><math>a \cdot b \cdot c</math> (gdje je ''a'' dužina, ''b'' širina, a ''c'' visina)
:
:[[Valjak (geometrija)|Valjak]]:<br /><math>\pi \cdot r^2 h</math> (''r'' = poluprečnik [[baza (geometrija)|baze]], ''h'' = visina)
:
:[[Sfera]]:<br /><math>\frac{4}{3} \pi r^3</math> (''r'' = [[poluprečnik]] sfere)
:
:[[Elipsoid]]:<br /><math>\frac{4}{3} \pi abc</math> (''a'', ''b'', ''c'' = [[poluos]]i elipsoida)
:
:[[Piramida (geometrija)|Piramida]]:<br /><math>\frac{1}{3} A h</math> (''A'' = [[površina]] baze, ''h'' = visina od baze do vrha)
:
:[[Stožac]] (piramida s kružnom bazom):<br /><math>\frac{1}{3} \pi r^2 h</math> (''r'' = promjer [[krug]]a baze, ''h'' = visina od baze do vrha)
:
:Bilo koja [[Prizma (geometrija)|prizma]] koja ima konstantni [[poprečni prerez]] po cijeloj visini**:<br /><math>A \cdot h</math> (''A'' = površina baze, ''h'' = visina)
:
:Bilo koje tijelo (potreban [[integralni račun]])
:<math>\int A(h) dh</math>
gdje je ''h'' bilo koja dimenzija tijela, a ''A''(''h'') površina poprečnog prereza okomitog na ''h'', zadana kao funkcija položaja uzduž ''h''. Ovo vrijedi za bilo koji oblik.
<!-- potreban prijevod:
Volumen [[paralelepiped]]a je apsolutna vrijednost ... absolute value of the [[scalar triple product]] of the subtending vectors, or equivalently the absolute value of the [[determinant]] of the corresponding matrix.
-->
<!-- potreban prijevod:
Volumen bilo kojeg [[tetraedar|tetraedra]] ...
The volume of any [[tetrahedron]], given its vertices '''a''', '''b''', '''c''' and '''d''', is (1/6)·|[[determinant|det]]('''a'''−'''b''', '''b'''−'''c''', '''c'''−'''d''')|, or any other combination of pairs of vertices that form a simply connected [[graph theory|graph]].
-->
== Druge SI jedinice za volumen ==
<!-- potreban prijevod:
A commonly used [[SI]] unit for volume is the [[litre]] (American spelling liter), and one thousand litres is the volume of a [[cubic metre]] (American spelling cubic meter), which was formerly termed a ''[[stere]]'' and often called a "cube" in [[engineering]] [[slang]]. A [[cubic centimetre]] (American spelling cubic centimeter) is the same volume as a millilitre.
-->
== Američke mjerne jedinice za volumen ==
<!-- potreban prijevod:
[[U.S. customary units]] of volume:
*U.S. fluid [[ounce]], about 29.6 mL
*U.S. liquid [[pint]] = 16 fluid ounces, or about 473 mL
*U.S. dry pint = 1/64 U.S. [[bushel]], or about 551 mL (used for things such as blueberries)
*U.S. liquid [[quart]] = 32 fluid ounces or two U.S. pints, or about 946 mL
*U.S. dry quart = 1/32 U.S. bushel, or about 1.101 L
*U.S. [[gallon]] = 128 fluid ounces or four U.S. quarts, about 3.785 L
*U.S. dry gallon = 1/8 U.S. bushel, or about 4.405 L
*U.S. (dry level) bushel = 2150.42 cubic inches, or about 35.239 L <!-- I wonder how customary this is. Isn't it officially being phased out? -->
<!-- potreban prijevod:
The '''acre foot''' is often used in measuring the volume of water in a [[reservoir]] or an [[aquifer]]. It is the volume of water that would cover an [[area]] of one [[acre]] to a depth of one [[foot (unit of length)|foot]]. It is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet or exactly 1233.481 837 547 52 m³.
*[[cubic inch]] = 16.387 064 cm<sup>3</sup>
*[[cubic foot]] = 1,728 in<sup>3</sup> ≈ 28.317 dm<sup>3</sup>
*[[cubic yard]] = 27 ft<sup>3</sup> ≈ 0.7646 m<sup>3</sup>
*cubic mile = 5,451,776,000 yd<sup>3</sup> = 3,379,200 acre-feet ≈ 4.168 km<sup>3</sup>
-->
== Britanske mjerne jedinice za volumen ==
<!-- potreban prijevod:
[[Imperial units]] of volume:
*UK fluid [[ounce]], about 28.4 mL (this equals the volume of an avoirdupois ounce of water under certain conditions)
*UK [[pint]] = 20 fluid ounces, or about 568 mL
*UK [[quart]] = 40 ounces or two pints, or about 1.137 L
*UK [[gallon]] = 160 ounces or four quarts, or exactly 4.546 09 L
May it be noted that due to metrication within the UK, the quart is now obsolete and the fluid ounce extremely rare. The gallon is only used for transportation uses, (it is illegal for petrol & diesel to be sold by the gallon). The pint is the only Imperial unit that is in everyday use, for the sale of draught beer & cider (bottled & canned beer is sold in SI units) and for milk (this too is increasingly being sold in SI units).
-->
== Volumen mjera kod kuhanja ==
<!-- potreban prijevod:
Traditional cooking measures for volume also include:
*[[teaspoon]] = 1/6 U.S. fluid ounce (about 4.929 mL)
*teaspoon = 1/6 Imperial fluid ounce (about 4.736 mL) (Canada)
*teaspoon = 5 mL (metric)
*[[tablespoon]] = 1/2 U.S. fluid ounce or 3 teaspoons (about 14.79 mL)
*tablespoon = 1/2 Imperial fluid ounce or 3 teaspoons (about 14.21 mL) (Canada)
*tablespoon = 15 mL or 3 teaspoons (metric)
*tablespoon = 5 [[fluidram]]s (about 17.76 mL) (British)
*[[cup]] = 8 U.S. fluid ounces or 1/2 U.S. liquid pint (about 237 mL)
*cup = 8 Imperial fluid ounces or 1/2 fluid pint (about 227 mL) (Canada)
*cup = 250 mL (metric)
-->
== Volumen i gustoća ==
<!-- potreban prijevod:
The volume of an object is [[equality (mathematics)|equal]] to its [[mass]] [[division (mathematics)|divided]] by its [[average]] [[density]]. This is a rearrangement of the calculation of density as mass per unit volume.
The term ''specific volume'' is used for volume divided by mass. This is the reciprocal of the mass density, expressed in units such as cubic meters per kilogram (m³/kg).
-->
== Također pogledajte ==
<!--
*[[Pretvorba jedinica#Volumen]]
*[[Orders of magnitude (volume)]]
-->
*[[Masa]]
*[[Gustoća]]
<!--
*[[ton (volume)]]
-->
== Vanjski linkovi ==
*[http://www.unitconversion.org/unit_converter/Volume-Dry-v.html Volume - Dry Online Interactive Unit Converter]
*[http://jumk.de/calc/volume.shtml Volume or capacity conversion of English and American units to metric units]
*[http://calc.skyrocket.de/en/ Online Unit Converter - Conversion of many different units]
*[http://www.ex.ac.uk/trol/scol/ccvol.htm Conversion Calculator for Units of Volume for many units (Cleave Books)]
{{stub-fiz}}
{{Commonscat|Volume}}
[[Kategorija:Fizikalne veličine]]
[[Kategorija:Geometrija]]
[[no:Volum]]
[[simple:Volume]]
|