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==Podjela otapala==
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Otapala se dijele na ''nepolarna'', ''polarna - protonska'' (disocijacijom daju proton) i ''polarna - aprotonska'' (nemaju proton koji disocira). Otapala čija je dielektrična konstanta niža od 15 se smatraju nepolarnim.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
! align="center" | Otapalo
! align="center" | [[Hemijska formula]]
! align="center" | [[Tačka ključanja]]
! align="center" | [[Dielektrična konstanta]]
! align="center" | [[Gustoća]]<!-- ### Nepolarna otapala ### -->
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Nepolarna otapala'''
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Heksan]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 69 °C
| align="center" | 2.0
| align="center" | 0.655 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Benzen]]
| align="center" | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>
| align="center" | 80 °C
| align="center" | 2.3
| align="center" | 0.879 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Toluen]]
| align="center" | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 111 °C
| align="center" | 2.4
| align="center" | 0.867 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Dietil eter]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 35 °C
| align="center" | 4.3
| align="center" | 0.713 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Hloroform]]
| align="center" | CHCl<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 61 °C
| align="center" | 4.8
| align="center" | '''1.498 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#DDDDDD"
| align="center" | [[Etil acetat]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 77 °C
| align="center" | 6.0
| align="center" | 0.894 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Polarna aprotonska otapala'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[1,4-dioksan]]
| align="center" | <u>/-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-\</u>
| align="center" | 101 °C
| align="center" | 2.3
| align="center" | '''1.033 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Tetrahidrofuran]] (THF)
| align="center" | <u>/-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-\</u>
| align="center" | 66 °C
| align="center" | 7.5
| align="center" | 0.886 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dihlorometan]] (DCM)
| align="center" | CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>
| align="center" | 40 °C
| align="center" | 9.1
| align="center" | '''1.326 g/ml''' <!-- ### Polarna aprotonska otapala ### -->
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Aceton]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 56 °C
| align="center" | 21
| align="center" | 0.786 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Acetonitril]] (MeCN)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C≡N
| align="center" | 82 °C
| align="center" | 37
| align="center" | 0.786 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dimetilformamid]] (DMF)
| align="center" | H-C(=O)N(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
| align="center" | 153 °C
| align="center" | 38
| align="center" | 0.944 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCFF"
| align="center" | [[Dimetil sulfoksid]] (DMSO)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-S(=O)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 189 °C
| align="center" | 47
| align="center" | '''1.092 g/ml'''<!-- ### Polarna protonska otapala ### -->
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" colspan="5" | '''Polarna protonska otapala'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Acetatna kiselina]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-C(=O)OH
| align="center" | 118 °C
| align="center" | 6.2
| align="center" | '''1.049 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Butanol|''n''-Butanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 118 °C
| align="center" | 18
| align="center" | 0.810 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Izopropanol]] (IPA)
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH(-OH)-CH<sub>3</sub>
| align="center" | 82 °C
| align="center" | 18
| align="center" | 0.785 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[1-Propanol|''n''-Propanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 97 °C
| align="center" | 20
| align="center" | 0.803 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Etanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</sub>
| align="center" | 79 °C
| align="center" | 24
| align="center" | 0.789 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Metanol]]
| align="center" | CH<sub>3</sub>-OH
| align="center" | 65 °C
| align="center" | 33
| align="center" | 0.791 g/ml
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Formijatna kiselina]]
| align="center" | H-C(=O)OH
| align="center" | 100 °C
| align="center" | 58
| align="center" | '''1.21 g/ml'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCCCC"
| align="center" | [[Voda]]
| align="center" | H-O-H
| align="center" | 100 °C
| align="center" | 80
| align="center" | 1.000 g/ml</table>
 
 
[[Kategorija:Hemija]]
 
[[af:Oplosmiddel]]
[[ar:مذيب]]
[[bg:Разтворител]]
[[ca:Dissolvent]]
[[cs:Rozpouštědlo]]
[[da:Opløsningsmiddel]]
[[de:Lösungsmittel]]
[[en:Solvent]]
[[es:Disolvente]]
[[et:Lahusti]]
[[eu:Disolbatzaile]]
[[fa:حلال (شیمی)]]
[[fi:Liuotin]]
[[fr:Solvant]]
[[gl:Disolvente]]
[[he:תמיסה#הממס]]
[[ht:Sòlvan]]
[[id:Pelarut]]
[[it:Solvente]]
[[ja:溶媒]]
[[kk:Еріткіштер]]
[[ko:용매]]
[[lt:Tirpiklis]]
[[mr:द्रावक]]
[[nl:Oplosmiddel]]
[[nn:Løysemiddel]]
[[no:Løsemiddel]]
[[pl:Rozpuszczalnik]]
[[pt:Solvente]]
[[ro:Diluanți]]
[[ru:Растворитель]]
[[sh:Otapalo]]
[[simple:Solvent]]
[[sk:Rozpúšťadlo]]
[[sr:Растварач]]
[[sv:Lösningsmedel]]
[[ta:கரைப்பான்]]
[[th:ตัวทำละลาย]]
[[tr:Solvent]]
[[uk:Розчинник]]
[[ur:محلّل]]
[[vi:Dung môi]]
[[zh:溶剂]]